Approximately 80% of a human’s overall brain and head growth occurs during the first 2 years of life. This means that tracking head circumference growth during this critical time of growth and development allows doctors to track the brain’s growth as the plates of the skull begin to fuse together naturally. Although not an indicator of nutritional status in infancy, head circumference measurements are part of the anthropometric measurement arsenal. This lesson will review the equipment and approaches to accurately measure head circumference in infants and young children.
Review the Required Resources thoroughly BEFORE going through the Graded Activities. Please be aware of the due dates associated with this lesson.
Required Resources
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Selecting Equipment to Measure Head Circumference
Infant head size can be measured using specifically designed measuring tapes as shown in the following video. Head circumference can be measured using a tape measure or a plastic tape that inserts one end into the other. This measurement is typically done between 0 – 3 years of age.
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Equipment Setup
Preparing to conduct head circumference measures are simple – all one needs is a properly functioning measuring tape. -
Equipment Calibration
A head circumference tape is calibrated similarly to a measuring tape. The 0 on the tape measure is lined up on one end and the tape measure extended to the other end of a steel rule or a short aluminum rod. If the measuring tape does not calibrate to the steel rule or aluminum rod do not use it. This is possible as over time and use the measuring tape may stretch. Always ensure to record the calibration value prior to conducting any measurements following measurement protocols. Calibration should occur at the start of each measurement session. -
Equipment care
The tapes should be wiped down with sanitizer after every child’s measurement to prevent the spread of germs. Cleaning the equipment at the end of the session is also important to extend the life of the equipment. Due to their small size it is easy to lose or forget a measuring tape so make sure to follow a protocol for transporting and storing. -
Lohman Anthropometric Standardization Manual
Read pages 40 - 41.
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National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III Anthropometry Manual
Read page 2-12, 2-16, and 3-6 to 3-7.
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World Health Organization Multicentre Growth Reference Study Process for Measuring Head Circumference (View in new tab)
[starting at 8:48 - 10:26]
Pay particular attention to the methods used. Recall, what age group is Head Circumference recommended to be used in?
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Measuring Head Circumference Summary Document
The process used to measure head circumference has been created for your reference.
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Measuring Roles: Head Circumference
Review the different roles a practitioner may play in measuring head circumference.
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Number of Measurements
Review this document to clarify the number of measurements needed.
Resources in this section are meant to help reinforce the content in this lesson.
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Calibration Form
See example of an equipment Calibration Form used in the Children’s Healthy Living Program
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Data Collection Form
See example of a Data Collection Form used in the Children’s Healthy Living Program
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Measurement and Standardization Protocols
Review the methods used in the World Health Organization Multicentre Growth Reference Study